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Ordre et désordre dans la presse

Nouveaux métiers, matérialité des imaginaires et duels de plume et d’épée au cours du long XIXe siècle

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Published on Monday, May 19, 2025

Abstract

L’objectif de ce colloque international, organisé par le Dipartimento di Civiltà e Forme del Sapere dell’Università di Pisa et le Centre de la Méditerranée Moderne et Contemporaine (CMMC) de l’Université Côte d’Azur, est d’approfondir la connaissance des formes de l’essor inédit de la presse à partir de la fin du XVIIIe siècle, et jusqu’à la Première Guerre mondiale. Il s’inscrit dans la lignée d’un renouvellement historiographique en cours. Pour cette nouvelle manifestation, il s’agit d’appréhender de nouveaux pans de la grande transformation médiatique à travers trois axes : le rôle de la presse dans la mise en ordre ou en désordre du monde social, suscitant, confortant ou renversant des imaginaires sociaux, y compris ceux qui concernent les actrices et acteurs du champ médiatique ; l’importance des producteurs/productrices et des productions d’iconographie journalistique (caricatures et illustrations) ; et les formes des violences générées par la presse, qu’elles émanent du public, des autorités, ou bien qu’elles aient lieu entre journalistes.

Announcement

Argument

This international conference, jointly organized by the Department of Civilizations and Forms of Knowledge at the University of Pisa and the Centre de la Méditerranée Moderne et Contemporaine (CMMC) at Université Côte d’Azur, seeks to deepen our understanding of the evolving landscape of print culture from the late eighteenth century to the eve of the First World War. It builds upon recent historiographical shifts and follows a first international conference held in Nice in 2023, the proceedings of which have been published (L’envers du décor journalistique. Acteurs et formes médiatiques en Méditerranée, Paris, Classiques Garnier, 2024). This second edition aims to explore new dimensions of the sweeping media transformation that marked the transition from the Ancien Régime to the modern era. The late eighteenth and long nineteenth centuries witnessed profound developments: the struggle for press freedom, the industrialization of print production, and the spread of literacy. While political analysis has long dominated the historiography of the press, over the past thirty years increasing attention has been devoted to its cultural, literary, social, economic, and material dimensions.

This conference intends to advance this renewed perspective by focusing on the Euro-Atlantic and Mediterranean spaces, regions in which the «civilization of the newspaper» experienced remarkable growth throughout the long nineteenth century. This expansion was characterized by a proliferation of periodical formats, both textual and visual, and by the adoption of new technologies such as lithography. The periodical press evolved through a wide range of formats, genres, editorial sections, and production modes, playing a crucial role in narrating, ordering – and at times disordering – the world, while shaping political, cultural, and social imaginaries. These media landscapes were shaped by collaboration and competition alike, giving rise to both metaphorical and literal duels of the pen, sometimes escalating into physical confrontations, including duels fought with swords or pistols, often sparked by journalistic provocation. The press was also a target of hostility: from authorities seeking to control it through laws, surveillance, and censorship, and from members of the public, whose responses could extend to violent attacks on editorial offices.

To explore these dynamics, the conference will be structured around three thematic axes:

1/ The Press and the Social Order: Constructing, Reinforcing, or Challenging Social Imaginaries

This axis invites analyses of how the press – and its various contributors: journalists, correspondents, illustrators, and occasional collaborators – constructed, disseminated, reinforced, or subverted public imaginaries surrounding social and professional groups. We are particularly interested in media productions, both textual and visual, that contributed to the social categorization of figures such as women, children, workers, artisans, the bourgeoisie, or celebrities and artists. This line of inquiry draws on recent scholarship regarding the press’s role in diversifying social representations and shaping the materiality of imaginaries. Attention is also given to the ways in which press professionals participated in constructing the very imaginary surrounding their own roles. These processes helped define what it meant to be a journalist or an illustrator in the long nineteenth century, contributing to the profession’s growing self-awareness and to the emergence of journalistic ethics, articulated not only in public discourse but also in ego-documents such as letters, memoirs, and personal writings of editors, journalists, publishers, and other figures active in the journalistic field.

2/ The Illustrated Press: Producers and Practices of Journalistic Iconography

This axis delves into the visual dimension of the press and its progressive incorporation into periodicals through caricatures, engravings, and illustrations. Contributions should explore the material aspects of image production—techniques, practices, their historical development—as well as questions of authorship, including anonymity and signature practices. Papers adopting a cultural and social lens to examine the careers and status of caricaturists, illustrators, engravers, and draughtsmen are especially welcome. This axis also seeks to reflect on the professionalization of these visual roles within journalism. While images could serve as powerful tools for constructing positive public imaginaries, they could equally function as vehicles of symbolic violence, targeting figures within and beyond the press, including political authorities, individuals, and social groups, and sometimes provoking reactions ranging from indignation to physical retaliation.

3/ Journalistic Disorder: Violence Within and Against the Press

Continuing the concerns of the previous sections, this axis focuses on forms of violence both internal to the journalistic field and external, in relation to its public reception. Within the profession, heightened competition and ideological rivalry could result in verbal aggression, polemics, public insults, and, in some cases, physical confrontation, culminating in duels, a common recourse in the nineteenth century. Yet journalistic violence was not limited to professional circles. Editors and reporters were frequently targets of broader public hostility: incidents ranged from the public burning of newspapers and protest demonstrations to vandalism of editorial offices and even direct assaults on journalists and publishers. Repressive state interventions—including surveillance, seizure, destruction of press materials, and judicial persecution—further underscored the precarious and contested space occupied by the press. Repression implemented, for instance, through the application of defamation laws, variously codified in their different forms, with the aim of protecting victims –or alleged victims – from offenses against their reputation

These dynamics cannot be confined to national contexts, as traditional press historiography often has done. Rather, they frequently assumed transnational forms and resist being explained solely through the prism of political affiliation. They were, and remain, integral to the broader media revolution that shaped the long nineteenth century.

Submission Guidelines

Proposals should be submitted via e-mail to: ordinedisordineconvegno@gmail.com,

by june 25, 2025.

Papers may be presented in one of the official languages of the conference: French, English, Spanish, or Italian.

Proposals should not exceed 3,000 characters and must include:

A detailed abstract of the proposed paper
A description of the primary sources used
A brief biographical and bibliographical note on the author

Calendar

  • Deadline for submission: June 25, 2025
  • Notification of acceptance: by July 10, 2025
  • Conference dates: December 9-10, 2025, University of Pisa

Useful information

Travel and accommodation expenses will be covered by the organizing committee.

Scientific and Organizing Committee:

  • Gianluca Albergoni, Università di Pavia
  • Elisa Baccini, Università di Pisa
  • Julien Contes, Université Côte d’Azur- Università di Pisa
  • Gian Luca Fruci, Università di Pisa
  • Jean-Paul Pellegrinetti, Université Côte d’Azur
  • Giuseppe Perelli, Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa
  • Chiara Santarnecchi, Università di Pisa – Université Paris Est-Créteil
  • Ginevra Villani, Università di Padova – Ca’ Foscari 

Places

  • Università di Pisa, Dipartimento di Civiltà e forme del sapere, 15 Via Pasquale Paoli, 56126 Pisa, Italia
    Pisa, Italian Republic (56126)

Event attendance modalities

Hybrid event (on site and online)


Date(s)

  • Wednesday, June 25, 2025

Keywords

  • media and press history, nineteenth century, social history, cultural history, political history

Contact(s)

  • Julien Contes
    courriel : contes [dot] julien [at] gmail [dot] com

Information source

  • Julien Contes
    courriel : contes [dot] julien [at] gmail [dot] com

License

CC0-1.0 This announcement is licensed under the terms of Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal.

To cite this announcement

« Ordre et désordre dans la presse », Call for papers, Calenda, Published on Monday, May 19, 2025, https://doi.org/10.58079/13y4g

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