HomeBlanche de Castille

Blanche de Castille

Exercer le pouvoir au féminin (1226-1252)

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Published on Friday, March 27, 2026

Abstract

Given the exceptional position held by Blanche of Castile, widow of the late Louis VIII and mother of the new king, powerful woman, within Latin Christendom for nearly a quarter of a century, the anniversary of the start of her ‘regency’ seemed to us a fitting occasion to highlight recent advances in the historiography of Blanche of Castile. This conference therefore aims to shed light on his reign – from the scale of his personal domain to that of Latin Christendom – and his life’s journey, from his Castilian origins to his final resting place in the abbeys of Maubuisson and Le Lys, and indeed right up to the present day.

Announcement

COLLEGE DES BERNARDINS, SORBONNE, 27-28 NOVEMBRE 2026

Argument

On 8 November 1226, Louis VIII died suddenly, probably from dysentery. Three weeks later, on 29 November, his young son Louis IX, aged 12, was consecrated in Reims Cathedral. The commemorations of this consecration drew attention in 2026, somewhat overshadowing what had truly been the defining event eight hundred years earlier. For the first time in Capetian history, the exercise of power was clearly entrusted to a woman, Blanche of Castile, widow of the late Louis VIII and mother of the new king, by virtue of the guardianship she had secured over him.

Contemporary accounts highlight his political influence, which persisted beyond his son’s coming of age. The date on which Louis IX fully assumed control of the government is therefore still a matter of debate. Was it in 1234, when he came of age? In 1245, when he decided to take up the cross despite his mother’s reluctance? Or in 1252, when Blanche’s death brought her political role to a definitive end, along with her second regency?

Given the exceptional position held by this powerful woman within Latin Christendom for nearly a quarter of a century, the anniversary of the start of her ‘regency’ seemed to us a fitting occasion to highlight recent advances in the historiography of Blanche of Castile.

This conference therefore aims to shed light on his reign – from the scale of his personal domain to that of Latin Christendom – and his life’s journey, from his Castilian origins to his final resting place in the abbeys of Maubuisson and Le Lys, and indeed right up to the present day.

Blanche of Castile’s ‘regency’ has long been portrayed, both in scholarly historiography and in the ‘national myth’, as a mere prelude to her son’s reign, the greatness of which was supposedly prepared for and amplified by her mother’s exceptional qualities. Historiographical advances in recent decades have largely shifted the focus of these questions. Queenship studies have emphasised the modalities of female governance and the conditions under which female authority is effective, rather than a supposed individual exceptionalism (Duggan, 1997; Earenfight, 2013; Gaude-Ferragu, 2014; cf. the current course ‘Mâle royaume’ taught at the Collège de France by Patrick Boucheron, or the 2026 SHMESP conference, “Des femmes ‘puissantes’ ? Les modalités de l’action féminine au Moyen Âge”). Recent biographies of Blanche of Castile (Grant, 2016; Gaude-Ferragu, 2025), following the same historiographical trend as those written about other medieval queens, have highlighted the singularity of her actions, treating her as a historical figure in her own right. Meanwhile, other studies have drawn attention to the many other women who exercised power in 13th-century France, much like Blanche, but in her shadow (Vasselot de Régné, 2026). At the same time, the rise of research on Capetian governmentality has shed light on the concrete mechanisms of government – written records, deeds, accounts, seals, networks – (Nielen, 2011; Dejoux, 2014, 2024, 2025; Grant, 2018), enabling us to situate Blanche of Castile’s actions at the very heart of these mechanisms.

Blanche of Castile’s queenship

The political career of Blanche of Castile – spanning her roles as queen, then queen dowager, as well as her two regencies – raises questions about the continuities and breaks in her political activity. It calls for the establishment of a detailed chronology in order to identify the moments when the exercise of power underwent a transformation. The question is when and how the queen and the king – Blanche and Louis IX – governed. In these different periods, did they act primarily as moral figures overseeing an administration, or as actors in political relations? What shifts can be observed over the years? Are there differences between Blanche’s modes of government during her two regencies?

These questions lead us to examine ‘queenship’, that is to say, all the means employed by medieval queens to exercise power: artistic patronage, charitable foundations, the establishment of norms, the structuring and mobilisation of their entourage, and political and diplomatic intercession. The capacity to govern is evident in written documents (deeds, formulas, endorsements) and is embodied in validation mechanisms (seals, counter-seals, matrices, sealing practices), as recently highlighted by the conference “‘Gratia Dei regina’. Actes écrits et mécénat des femmes de pouvoir (xiiie-xvie s.)” (Université Sorbonne Paris Nord, 2024). Blanche’s piety lies at the intersection of spirituality and queenship. The former structures the latter through networks, foundations, iconographic and architectural programmes, donations and mechanisms of liturgical remembrance (Gajewski, 2012; Pellón Gómez-Calcerrada, 2013).

Blanche of Castile in a European context

Blanche of Castile was firmly rooted in the political landscape of Latin Christendom. As the daughter of Alfonso VIII of Castile, the granddaughter of Eleanor of Aquitaine, and the wife of Louis VIII of France, she embodied the convergence of the Iberian, Capetian and Anglo-Angevin royal lineages.

Daughter of the king who defeated the Almohads at Las Navas de Tolosa in 1212, Blanche brought to the Capetian royal family the legacy of a dynasty forged in what came to be known as the ‘Reconquista’. Her grandmother, Eleanor of Aquitaine, contributed, through the Anglo-Angevin heritage she passed on to her, to establishing Louis VIII’s claims to the English crown during the expedition of 1216–1217. But she may also have served as a model – or a counter-model – of ‘queenship’ for Blanche. The extent of her influence has yet to be precisely assessed.

Blanche relied on contacts in the Iberian Peninsula, particularly through dynastic and religious ties. Her power enabled her to favour members of her family and facilitate their settlement in France. She maintained political relations with England and the Papacy. Her role in European politics merits further exploration from a comparative perspective, contrasting her government with that of other contemporary regents or bailiffs. The view of Blanche from abroad also merits further exploration.

The sacralisation of the Capetian monarchy

Blanche of Castile also played a part in shaping the sacred dimension of Capetian power. She supported and sometimes led royal intercessory rites, as during the siege of La Rochelle in 1224. Upon her husband’s death, she organised the consecration of her son, Louis IX. She was also involved in a range of liturgical and commemorative practices that helped to closely associate the Capetian monarchy with the sacred. She ensured that her children received an exemplary religious education, so much so that the hagiographers of Saint Louis credited her as the principal architect of her son’s sanctity. This religious dimension is also part of a policy of monastic foundations and patronage (Maubuisson, Le Lys), which contribute to the preservation of dynastic memory and the embedding of Capetian power within a spiritual order. The king’s canonisation process presents her as a sancta radix, a ‘holy root’ of the Capetian line. The exact role she played in the sacralisation of the Capetian monarchy has yet to be precisely assessed.

Image and myth of Blanche of Castile

Blanche of Castile was the subject of depictions from very early on, whether visual or written, some of which she commissioned herself. Both historiography and non-specialist accounts have relied primarily on written sources, constructing two portraits that have become classic: that of the virago, an authoritarian and domineering queen, and that of the wise and devout mother, which are not necessarily mutually exclusive. The underlying logic of the sources conveying these representations must be examined, particularly gendered representations of power and the specific expectations placed on female figures in government. The aim is to put these stereotypes into perspective by comparing historiographical discourse with an analysis of the mechanisms of representation—both visual and written—in 13th-century sources: emotional codes, the circulation of political rumours, and so on. – (Vasselot de Régné, 2022). The way in which Blanche’s memory has been constructed could thus be explored, right up to the present day.

This conference therefore invites participants to bring together, on the one hand, a wide range of sources – chronicles, records, accounts, iconography – and, on the other, new approaches (queenship studies, gender studies, history of images, art history, history of emotions, prosopography, etc.). It thus calls for an interdisciplinary approach, all with a view to better understanding the unique historical figure that is Blanche of Castile. Papers focusing on other women who exercised power on a large scale in the 13th century (kingdom, duchy, county), by virtue of their seigneurial dominion, guardianship over their children or their dower, will also be welcome for comparative purposes.

Communication form

Papers will be 25 minutes each, followed by a discussion. Papers should be presented in French, but English or Spanish are possible.

Submission form

The communication proposals may be submitted, in French or English, before 1st June 2026. They will take the form of an abstract (300-500 words), accompanied by a provisional title in Word or OpenOffice format (.doc, .docx, .odt), by email, jointly to the organisers : marie.dejoux@univ-paris1.fr ; c.devasselot@icrennes.org.

Publication

This colloquium’s proceedings will be published.

Places

  • Collège des Bernardins - 20 rue de Poissy
    Paris, France (75)

Event attendance modalities

Hybrid event (on site and online)


Date(s)

  • Monday, June 01, 2026

Keywords

  • blanche de castille, reine, réginalité, pouvoir, femme, relations internationales, moyen âge central, royaume de france

Contact(s)

  • Clément de Vasselot
    courriel : c [dot] devasselot [at] icrennes [dot] org

Information source

  • Clément de Vasselot
    courriel : c [dot] devasselot [at] icrennes [dot] org

License

CC-BY-4.0 This announcement is licensed under the terms of Creative Commons - Attribution 4.0 International - CC BY 4.0 .

To cite this announcement

Clément de Vasselot de Régné, Marie Dejoux, « Blanche de Castille », Call for papers, Calenda, Published on Friday, March 27, 2026, https://doi.org/10.58079/15yp2

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