HomeIndustry and Idleness: Labour, Luxury and the British Empire in the Long Eighteenth Century

Industry and Idleness: Labour, Luxury and the British Empire in the Long Eighteenth Century

Industrie et oisiveté : travail et luxe en Grande-Bretagne et dans l’empire britannique au XVIIIe siècle

Fleiß und Müßiggang: Arbeit, Luxus und das Empire im Langen 18. Jahrhundert

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Published on Tuesday, May 05, 2026

Abstract

Idleness as the absence of work and industry as the absence of idleness shaped social, cultural and moral values that dictated behaviour, trends, politics and economic systems. England developed an avant-garde approach to processes of production and extraction almost a century prior to the Industrial Revolution. Textile, coalmine and printing industries, for example, were regional and small-scale, often literally termed as “cottage industry”, but they also were catalysts of production and labour efficiency.

Announcement

Argument

Idleness as the absence of work and industry as the absence of idleness shaped social, cultural and moral values that dictated behaviour, trends, politics and economic systems. England developed an avant-garde approach to processes of production and extraction almost a century prior to the Industrial Revolution. Textile, coalmine and printing industries, for example, were regional and small-scale, often literally termed as “cottage industry”, but they also were catalysts of production and labour efficiency.

William Hogarth’s series of engravings titled Industry and Idleness, the primary inspiration of the conference theme, is a homiletic expression of a Protestant work ethic that, at first glance, valorises assiduity and condemns indolence. However, it is not without ambiguities. The moral rhetoric around industry and idleness can be further traced in eighteenth-century texts belonging to various genres such as conduct books, religious tracts, autobiographies, or novels. Daniel Defoe’s Moll Flanders (1722) essentially declared productive labour to be a sustainable source of happiness.

In 1751, an article in the Gentleman’s Magazine asserts, “The poor become wicked by not having learned any honest employment when young…” (GM 1751, 559). In 1801, an article in the magazine claims that “those who are too idle or too poor to work are of no other use in the world than to increase the enormous burden of the poor-rates, and, like the drones in a bee-hive, prey on the industrious.” (GM 1801, 491-92) Conversely, the titles of various series of periodical essays such as The Tatler, The Idler, and The Spectator signal a disassociation from Protestant work ethic in favour of productive idleness.

The gendered and racialised aspects of idleness also framed the rhetoric around labour and industry. Social mobility usually required industriousness, whereas a visible cultivation of idleness was also required, particularly on the part of middle-class women. On the one hand, conspicuous consumption of leisure time was required as part of the middle-class habitus, on the other hand it also provoked criticism.

The geographical scope of this conference extends to the British Empire. While stereotypes such as the “lazy, violent, brutish African” that originated in precolonial European travel literature never went away, the colonial world functioned as a site of extraction of labour and luxuries. The plantation system was engineered around the exploited bodies and physical exertion of “industrious Africans”. Chattel slaves were thus part of the captive labour force of an Empire that survived on not just the labour but also the alienation of that labour in various ways. Goods imported from the Empire – including those produced by enslaved people – were prized as status attributes in the British Isles, especially by those who were not obliged to do any manual labour whatsoever.

Our conference aims at bringing together a diverse range of approaches and methodologies. Possible fields of research include literature, the performing arts, political and intellectual history, gender studies, philosophy, minority studies, the visual arts, music, architecture, religion, law and economics amongst others. Themes may include, but are not restricted to :

  • Celebrations, discussions of industry
  • Idleness, luxury and conspicuous and idleness in literature and the arts consumption
  • Slavery and key ideas in racism
  • ops and rakes, mollies and coquettes
  • Domestic labour and colonial labour
  •  Female accomplishments as industry or
  • The poor laws and the workhouse idleness system  Religious discourses (e.g. on greed and
  • Perception of time sloth)
  • Labouring-class poetry
  • Philosophical deliberations (e.g. the Amusements in London and beyond neoclassical “otium et negotium”
  • Iconographies of cultures of leisure debate)
  • Cultures of recreation and the languid
  • Theories of climate and environment life
  • Enlightenment discourses

Submission guideline

  • Submission deadline : 20 May 2026
  • Notification of acceptance : 20 June 2026
  • Conference : Essen, 2-4 April 2027

A 500-word proposal and a short bio-bibliographical presentation should be sent to the organizing committee : lapasec_essen@uni-due.de

Conference languages are English, French and German. Proposals in any of the three languages are welcome.

With the submission of your proposal, you consent that any data you submit will be saved by the organisers until the end of 2027 (or the publication of the conference proceedings). As part of our funding application, your data will be shared with the Université franco-allemande/ Deutsch-Französische Hochschule (UFA/DFH). Your e-mail address will be used for the limited purpose of informing you about updates and news relating to the conference and will not be passed on to any third parties, including UFA/DFH.

Organising committee

UDE : Christoph Heyl, Anjali Rampersad, Christian Feser ; UBM : Rémy Duthille, Tristan Coignard, Isabelle Massein, Moritz Rauchhaus

References 

Yazdani, Kaveh. “18th-Century Plantation Slavery, Capitalism and the Most Precious Colony in the World.” VSWG : Vierteljahrschrift für Sozial- und Wirtschaftsgeschichte, vol. 108, no. 4, 2021, pp. 457–503. JSTOR, https://www.jstor.org/ stable/48645056.

Places

  • 31 RUE PIERRE DE LADIME
    Essen, Federal Republic of Germany (33800)

Event attendance modalities

Full on-site event


Date(s)

  • Wednesday, May 20, 2026

Attached files

Keywords

  • industrie, oisiveté, économie, travail, luxe, travail, loisir, esclavage

Contact(s)

  • Tristan Coignard
    courriel : tristan [dot] coignard [at] u-bordeaux-montaigne [dot] fr
  • Rémy Duthille
    courriel : remy [dot] duthille [at] u-bordeaux-montaigne [dot] fr
  • Christian Feser
    courriel : lapasec_essen [at] uni-due [dot] de

Information source

  • Rémy Duthille
    courriel : remy [dot] duthille [at] u-bordeaux-montaigne [dot] fr

License

CC0-1.0 This announcement is licensed under the terms of Creative Commons CC0 1.0 Universal.

To cite this announcement

« Industry and Idleness: Labour, Luxury and the British Empire in the Long Eighteenth Century », Call for papers, Calenda, Published on Tuesday, May 05, 2026, https://doi.org/10.58079/1669d

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